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Learning Let's Learn English Here (Ayo belajar bahasa inggris)

Discussion in 'School and Campus Zone' started by Kenzaki, Dec 15, 2010.

  1. Sunday_KNIGHT SUPERMOD
    CHICKEN VOYAGE

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    next question :p
    kalo yang ini, subjeknya dijadiin tunggal,
    Nurses look after patients in hospital.

    maka menjadi,
    Nurse looks after patients in hospital.

    benarkan demikian untuk present simple dengan s + v1 (subject tunggal)
    thanks vm,
     
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  2. Ramasinta Tukang Iklan

  3. lrk M V U

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    Sekilas memang seperti benar, tetapi apabila kita hendak mengikuti aturan yang paling bakunya, maka hendaknya kita tambahkan A didepan nurse.

    Kita tidak boleh misalnya mengatakan: I have car.
    Sebaiknya: I have a car.

    Sebaiknya jangan: There is child.
    Sebaiknya: There is a child.

    Sebaiknya jangan: Man is looking for you. He is in the meeting room.
    Sebaiknya: A man is looking for you. He is in the meeting room.

    Sebaiknya jangan: Umbrella is what I need now.
    Sebaiknya: An umbrella is what I need now.

    Sebaiknya jangan: Give me glass of beer.
    Sebaiknya: Give me a glass of beer.

    Sebaiknya jangan: Waiter will take your order in a minute. Please wait for moment.
    Sebaiknya: A waiter will take your order in a minute. Please wait for a moment.

    Semangat pagi Indowebster.
    :ogpeace:
     
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  4. darkash Veteran

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    disini ada yang bisa jelaskan perbedaan penggunaan kata passed, pass dan past?

    misalnya dalam kalimat seperti berikut
    Code:
    yang lalu biarlah berlalu
    
    terjemahannya apa let what's past be past

    atau let what's passed be past

    atau ada terjemahan lain yang lebih akurat?

    yang aku ngerti sih pass = v1
    passed = v2
    past = noun

    CMIIW

    thanks :maaf:

    Jadi kepikiran abis iseng-iseng coba jadi translator di salah satu aplikasi translate by community :XD:
     
  5. lrk M V U

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    Namanya expression itu gan, udah sepaket.
    Itu kayanya yang ini gan padanannya dalam bahasa Inggris: (untuk baekan kan biasanya yang lalu biarlah berlalu ...) let bygones be bygones

    :lalala:
     
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  6. Sunday_KNIGHT SUPERMOD
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    tanya lagi, masih amburadul sepertinya kalo ane make,
    bagaimana aturan penggunaan,

    have been......
    has been......
    had been......


    kapan dan dimana aja itu dipake ?

    :bloon:
     
  7. lrk M V U

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    [​IMG]


    [​IMG]

    Bisa dilihat pada tabel skema tenses dimana saja letak penggunaan been dalam skema main verb.

    Have / Has been digunakan pada tenses 3 (Present Perfect) pada slot Nominal dan Passive
    Have / Has been digunakan pada tenses 4 (Present Perfect Continuous) utamanya pada slot Aktif

    Had been digunakan pada tenses 7 (Past Perfect) pada slot Nominal dan Passive
    Had been digunakan pada tenses 8 (Past Perfect Continuous) utamanya pada slot Aktif

    1. Dia berada di pekerjaan yang sama untuk waktu yang lama dan dia mulai bosan dengan itu.
    2. He has been in the same job for a long time and he is beginning to get bored with it.

    1. Jalanan ditutup. Telah terjadi suatu kecelakaan.
    2. The road is closed. There has been an accident.

    1. Jane sudah di rumah sekarang. Dia telah ke Italia. (artinya sudah pergi dan sudah balik)
    2. Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy.

    1. Halo. Aku baru saja pergi ke toko. Aku telah membeli banyak barang.
    2. Hello! I’ve just been to the shops. I’ve bought lots of things.

    1. Apakah kamu akan pergi ke bank? Tidak, aku sudah ke bank.
    2. Are you going to the bank? No, I have already been to the bank.

    1. Apakah kamu sering bepergian, Jane?
    2. Have you travelled a lot, Jane?

    3. Ya, saya sudah pergi ke banyak tempat.
    4. Yes, I’ve been to lots of places.

    5. Benarkah? Apakah kamu sudah ke Cina?
    6. Really? Have you ever been to China?

    7. Ya, saya sudah ke Cina dua kali.
    8. Yes, I have been to China twice.

    9. Bagaimana dengan India?
    10. What about India?

    11. Tidak, saya belum pernah ke India.
    12. No, I haven’t been to India.

    1. Aku belum pernah ke Cina. Apakah kamu pernah kesana?
    2. I’ve never been to China. Have you been there?

    1. Pernahkah kamu ke California?
    2. Have you ever been to California?

    1. Apakah Brussels tempat yang menarik?
    2. Is Brussels an interesting place?

    3. Aku nggak tahu. Aku belum pernah kesana.
    4. I’ve no idea. I’ve never been there.

    1. Mike terlambat lagi hari ini.
    2. Mike was late for work again today.

    3. Lagi? Dia telat setiap hari pekan ini.
    4. Again? He has been late every day this week.

    1. Tadi habis hujan.
    2. It has been raining.

    3. Kamu kehabisan nafas. Habis lari ya?
    4. You’re out of breath. Have you been running?

    5. Paul sangat lelah. Dia telah bekerja keras.
    6. Paul is very tired. He has been working very hard.

    7. Kenapa pakaianmu kotor sekali? Habis ngapain?
    8. Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?

    9. Aku telah berbicara dengan Amanda tentang masalah itu dan dia sepakat denganku.
    10. I’ve been talking to Amanda about the problem and she agrees with me.

    11. Kamu darimana saja? Aku mencarimu kemana-mana.
    12. Where have you been? I’ve been looking for you everywhere.

    13. Sudah berapa lama hujannya?
    14. How long has it been raining?

    15. Sudah hujan selama dua jam.
    16. It has been raining for two hours.

    17. Sudah berapa lama belajar bahasa Inggris?
    18. How long have you been learning English?

    19. Tim masih sedang menonton TV. Dia menonton TV seharian.
    20. Tim is still watching TV. He’s been watching TV all day.

    21. Kamu darimana saja? Saya sudah mencari kamu selama setengah jam terakhir.
    22. Where have you been? I’ve been looking for you for the last half hour.

    23. Chris belakangan ini merasa tidak begitu sehat.
    24. Chris hasn’t been feeling well recently.

    25. Silvia adalah seorang pemain tenis yang baik.
    26. Silvia is a very good tennis player.

    27. Dia sudah main sejak umur delapan tahun.
    28. She has been playing since she was eight.

    29. Setiap pagi mereka bertemu di kafe yang sama.
    30. Every morning they meet in the same café.

    31. Mereka sudah pergi kesana bertahun-tahun.
    32. They have been going there for years.

    35. Aku sudah bekerja keras. Sekarang aku akan istirahat.
    36. I’ve been working hard. Now I’m going to have a break.

    39. Tanahnya basah. Habis hujan.
    40. The ground is wet. It’s been raining.

    41. Buruan! Kami menunggu.
    42. Hurry up! We’re waiting.

    43. Kami sudah menunggu selama satu jam.
    44. We’ve been waiting for an hour.

    45. Mereka habis belanja.
    46. They’ve been shopping.

    47. Dia habis nonton televisi.
    48. She’s been watching television.

    49. Mereka habis main tenis.
    50. They’ve been playing tennis.

    51. Dia habis lari.
    52. He’s been running.

    53. Kamu habis berenang ya?
    54. Have you been swimming?

    55. Kamu nunggunya udah lama?
    56. Have you been waiting long?

    57. Kamu habis ngapain?
    58. What have you been doing?

    59. Sudah berapa lama kamu kerja disana?
    60. How long have you been working there?

    61. Sudah berapa lama kamu jualan hape?
    62. How long have you been selling mobile phones?

    63. Habis hujan selama dua jam.
    64. It’s been raining for two hours.

    65. Kami nunggu (bis) selama 20 menit.
    66. We’ve been waiting for 20 minutes.

    67. Aku udah belajar bahasa Spanyol dari bulan Desember.
    68. I’ve been learning Spanish since December.

    69. Jessica sudah kerja di supermarket sejak 18 Januari.
    70. Jessica has been working in a supermarket since 18 January.

    71. Maria sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama dua tahun.
    72. Maria has been learning English for two years.

    73. Halo, Tom. Aku nyariin kamu. Darimana aja?
    74. Hello, Tom. I’ve been looking for you. Where have you been?

    77. Linda adalah seorang guru. Dia telah mengajar selama sepuluh tahun.
    78. Linda is a teacher. She has been teaching for ten years.

    79. Aku mikirin apa yang kamu bilang dan aku memutuskan untuk ikuti saranmu.
    80. I’ve been thinking about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.

    83. Sarah sangat lelah. Akhir-akhir ini dia bekerja sangat keras.
    84. Sarah is very tired. She has been working very hard recently.

    85. Ada cat di pakaian Kate.
    86. There is paint on Kate’s clothes.

    87. Dia sudah dan masih mengecat kamar tidurnya.
    88. She has been painting her bedroom.

    89. Kamar tidurnya tadinya hijau. Sekarang kuning.
    90. Her bedroom was green. Now it is yellow.

    91. Dia telah mengecat kamar tidurnya.
    92. She has painted her bedroom.

    93. Tanganku sangat kotor. Aku habis benerin sepedaku.
    94. My hands are very dirty. I’ve been repairing my bike.

    95. Sepedaku dah sip sekarang. Aku sudah memperbaikinya.
    96. My bike is OK again now. I have repaired it.

    97. Joe makan terlalu banyak akhir-akhir ini. Dia mesti kurangin makan.
    98. Joe has been eating too much recently. He should eat less.

    99. Seseorang telah memakan semua coklat. Kotaknya kosong.
    100. Somebody has eaten all the chocolates. The box is empty.

    101. Senang bertemu kamu lagi. Kamu udah ngapain aja sejak terakhir kita ketemu?
    102. It’s nice to see you again. What have you been doing since we last met?

    103. Dimana buku yang kuberikan padamu? Apa yang kau lakukan dengan buku itu?
    104. Where’s the book I gave you? What have you done with it?

    105. Kamu kemana aja? Habis main tenis?
    106. Where have you been? Have you been playing tennis?

    107. Pernahkah kamu main tenis?
    108. Have you ever played tennis?

    109. Berapa lama kamu telah membaca buku itu?
    110. How long have you been reading that book?

    111. Berapa banyak dari buku itu yang telah kamu baca?
    112. How much of that book have you read?

    113. Lisa sedang menulis email. Dia sudah dan masih menulis email sejak pagi.
    114. Lisa is writing emails. She has been writing emails all morning.

    115. Lisa sedang menulis email. Dia telah mengirim banyak email pagi ini.
    116. Lisa is writing emails. She has sent lots of emails this morning.

    117.Mereka sudah dan masih bermain tenis sejak jam 2.
    118. They have been playing tennis since 2 o’clock.

    119. Mereka telah bermain tenis tiga kali minggu ini.
    120. They have played tennis three times this week.

    121. Aku sedang belajar bahasa Arab, tetapi aku belum lama belajarnya.
    122. I’m learning Arabic, but I haven’t been learning it very long.

    1. She had been at her mother’s house.

    1. Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The sun was shining, but the ground was very wet. It had been raining.

    2. It was not raining when I looked out of the window; the sun was shining. But it had been raining before.

    3. When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was untidy and one of them had a black eye. They had been fighting.

    4. I was very tired when I got home. I had been working hard all day.

    5. When I went to Madrid a few years ago, I stayed with a friend of mine. She hadn’t been living there very long, but she knew the city very well.

    6. We had been playing tennis for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.

    7. Paul went to the doctor last Friday. He hadn’t been feeling well for some time.

    8. I hope the bus comes soon. I have been waiting for 20 minutes.

    9. At last the bus came. I had been waiting for 20 minutes.

    10. James is out of breath. He has been running.

    11. James was out of breath. He had been running.

    12. It wasn’t raining when we went out. The sun was shining. But it had been raining, so the ground was wet.

    13. Katherine was sitting in an armchair resting. She was tired because she had been working very hard.

    16. I was very tired when I arrived home. I had been working hard all day.

    17. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired. They had been playing football.

    18. I was disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday. I had been looking forward to it.

    19. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn’t know where she was. She had been dreaming.

    20. When I got home, Mark was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off. He had been watching a film.

    21. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to rain. We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.

    22. I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him. After 20 minutes I realised that I was in the wrong restaurant. I had been waiting for 20 minutes when I realised that I was in the wrong restaurant.

    23. Sarah got a job in factory. Five years later the factory closed down. At the time the factory closed down, Sarah had been working there for five years.

    24. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten minutes a man in the audience suddenly started shouting. The orchestra had been playing for about ten minutes when a man in the audience started shouting.

    25. I had been walking along the road for about ten minutes when a car suddenly stopped just behind me.

    29. Sue was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She had been running.

    30. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They were eating.

    31. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty, but their stomachs were full. They had been eating.

    33. When I arrived, Kate was waiting for me. She was annoyed because I was late and she had been waiting for a long time.

    35. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We had been travelling for more than 24 hours.

    ya gitu gan kurang lebihnya ... Semoga membantu yaa
    Semangat Indowebster!
     
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  8. lrk M V U

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    Siang Indowebster ...

    Daripada hening disini mending saya posting kemarin hasil saya belajar nulis IELTS esai task 2 - mencoba membidik band 7.

    Iseng iseng dalam setengah jam dapet 2 esai jadi. Tapi belum dikoreksi kekurangan-kekurangannya. Masih mentah belum diedit. Silakan disimak, semoga bermanfaat.

    People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge).
    Why do you think people attend college or university?
    Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.


    The idea of going for further education is to be more specific and specialized in one field. These days people have different economic progression where the bachelor degree is no longer suitable to meet the expectation of advancing standard both in workplaces and for own businesses. I believe that people go to college for more education to improve their financial prospect and to build proper social network.

    The first advantage when people have a master degree is that they are acknowledged as one of the experts in certain fields. With a very few exception, almost all workplaces would certainly pay more for people with advanced or specialized knowledge and expertise in a certain field. Having this knowledge, therefore, can be said as a fundamental move to extend one’s career in the right direction. A good education can be the key that you need to get that promotion you want.

    The second primary reason is to extend our social network. When people go to college, they have the chance to meet up in a professional and educated circle with similar background, and as a result they will connect with important people in the same work field. The shared background may be proven as beneficial in the future when we need particular help in a certain matter. It is important for us to know that, making friends in modern era, especially where people tend to get very busy in their own circle can be somewhat difficult. Therefore, connecting with our colleagues and classmates from the same education institution will surely be helpful.

    To sum up, I believe that every adult will put their career success on top of anything else. That is why, the advantages that can be gained from pursuing postgraduate education in reputable university are something that can give your career a significant boost, and therefore worth your best effort. This sums up my understanding on why people have chosen to go to university.

    Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

    Most people will agree that parents have the utmost responsibility to care for their children and raise them properly. There is even a proverb that said ‘the apple does not fall far from the tree,’ which basically means that a child will follow or imitate the sample given by their parents. That is why we need to understand on how to be a good role model for children and what is the effect if parents fail to become a good figure for their children. Nevertheless, some people are of the opinion that it also means that parents are the best teacher for their children. In this essay, I will argue that although parents are required to be a role model, it does not necessarily mean that they are the best teacher for their children.

    It is important to understand that both parents and school play essential role in a child’s life. Any kid will significantly affected by the behavior of their parents and the school where they spend most of their youth. For example, parents have more time in the early years of the children life and therefore can guide them to learn simple value such as honesty, courage, wisdom and so on. However, it is only after the children reach the school that they have the chance to actually implement and apply all these values taught at home.

    Now, we need to analyze whether teaching means building children character or integrating knowledge of certain subject. If teaching means character building, then of course parents have to be the best teacher since children will imitate them most of the time. When a father for example shows aggression at home, the kids will be likely to take after him and also be aggressive at school. When a mother teaches about the importance of saving money, the kids will probably spend less of their pocket money at school. These are values and norms, not school subjects.

    On the other hand, if teaching means integrating academic knowledge and skills of certain subject, then it is highly unlikely for parents to be capable in all subjects like math, chemistry, physics, or biology. Subjects need to be taught by professional with a degree in education. Becoming a teacher requires experience and professional career approach. It is not something that can be done by parents easily.

    To sum up, I would honestly believe that we need to have proper figure both in instilling value and norm to our children and also professional teachers to get them academic achievement that they will need in the school so that they can be a grown up with full potential.
     
  9. lrk M V U

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    Essay in 15 minutes series (by me)

    Dalam IELTS Writing (dengan target band 7)

    Perhatikan empat komponen penilaian yaitu Task Achievement, Grammatical Range & Accuracy, Coherence & Cohesion .. Lexical Resource
    Task Achievement menuntut anda agar menjawab sesuai dengan permintaan pada soal.
    Task Achievement juga menuntut agar anda menjawab 150 kata minimum untuk task 1 dan 250 kata minimum untuk task 2.
    Setelah anda mengerjakan esai anda, bandingkan dengan sampel answer .. apakah arah esai anda sudah benar dengan permintaan pada soal?

    EVERYBODY SHOULD BE ALLOWED ADMISSION TO UNIVERSITY STUDY PROGRAMS' REGARDLESS OF THEIR LEVEL OF ACADEMIC ABILITY.
    Agree vs Disagree?

    Pada esai task 2 materi 1
    kita diminta bercerita boleh nggak SEMUA ORANG ... berkuliah tanpa memandang kemampuan akademik mereka?
    nah .. ini kita jawab idealnya dengan 4 paragraf atau 5 paragraf
    Pada struktur paragraf pertama: INTRO paragraph, kita angkat dulu mengenai topiknya, tapi jangan menggunakan kata - kata yang ada pada topik soal.

    Contoh Intro Paragraph yang baik:

    The right to obtain an education should be given for every human mainly because education is a vital tool to improve people's quality of life in general. If someone becomes more educated, there is a likely chance that he / she will be more useful to the society compared to if this person is uneducated. The ability to provide benefit to the public and to oneself is the primary reasons why people must be granted their rights for education.

    Hak untuk mendapatkan pendidikan harus diberikan kepada tiap manusia utamanya karena pendidikan adalah alat yang penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup orang secara umum. Bila seseorang menjadi lebih terdidik, ada peluang bahwa dia akan lebih bermanfaat bagi masyarakat ketimbang bila dia tidak terdidik. Kemampuan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat dan diri sendiri adalah alasan - alasan utama mengapa orang harus diberikan hak pendidikannya.

    Perhatikan bahwa dalam paragraf intro yang saya buat diatas, saya mengangkat topik ini secara perlahan .. Lalu saya tutup paragraf intro saya dengan HAL HAL yang akan saya bicarakan di PARAGRAF ISI 1 dan PARAGRAF ISI 2.

    Dengan demikian, pada PARAGRAF ISI 1 : Saya akan membicarakan bagaimana orang dapat memberi manfaat bagi masyarakat umum.
    pada PARAGRAF ISI 2: Saya akan membicarakan bagaimana orang dapat memberi manfaat bagi diri pribadi (melalui pendidikannya).

    Paragraf Isi 1 saya akan saya buat seperti ini kurang lebihnya:

    When someone has already finished their compulsory education from primary school up to the senior high school level, they usually have the options to join the workforce or to continue pursuing education in the college or university. If they choose to work, they will be considered as unskilled workers and therefore will be likely to receive lower overall salary. In contrast, if someone has the qualification of bachelor degree, he or she will be viewed as educated and can work in places where they are trusted to serve the public. For example, teacher, doctors, and engineers which are valuable members of the society, all have their qualifications from studying in the university. Therefore, it can be said that graduating from university will enable everyone to give more positive impact as a member of the society.

    Saat seseorang telah menyelesaikan pendidikan wajib mereka dari sekolah dasar hingga jenjang SMU, mereka biasanya memiliki pilihan untuk bergabung ke dunia kerja atau melanjutkan mengejar pendidikan di kampus atau universitas. Bila mereka memilih tuk bekerja, mereka akan dianggap sebagai pekerja tak berkemampuan dan dengan demikian akan mungkin menerima gaji keseluruhan yang lebih rendah. Sebaliknya, bila seseorang memiliki kualifikasi sarjana, dia akan dipandang sebagai terdidik dan bisa bekerja di tempat tempat dimana mereka dipercaya untuk melayani masyarakat. Misalnya, guru, dokter, dan insinyur yang merupakan anggota berharga di masyarakat, semuanya memiliki gelar dari belajar di universitas. Dengan demikian, bisa dikatakan bahwa lulus dari universitas akan memungkinkan setiap orang memberikan dampak lebih positif sebagai anggota masyarakat.

    Kita lanjutkan dengan paragraf isi 2

    When someone enters the university life, they have the chance to build a good social network with equally educated people with same interest and background of study. They have the chance to reflect every day and be more aware of how competitive the world actually is. With this advantage, people can have the option to live the life as they plan and see fit. They are not forced by the situation nor do they become a mere follower. They have the chance to inspire and also to embrace their dream. This kind of freedom will be significant in improving people's degree of happiness as opposed to having restricted and limited life as the result of lower education qualification and the lack of chance to grow with intellectual and competitive mind. Having said that, I argue that if people are more educated, they can feel more satisfaction out of this life and have more opportunity to do things as they plan.

    Saat seseorang masuk ke dunia universitas, mereka punya kesempatan untuk membangun jejaring sosial yang baik dengan orang-orang yang sama terdidiknya dengan minat dan latar belakang pendidikan yang sama. Mereka memiliki kesempatan untuk mawas diri setiap hari dan menjadi lebih sadar akan betapa penuh persaingannya dunia ini. Dengan keuntungan ini, orang bisa punya opsi menjalani hidup seperti yang mereka rencanakan dan rasa cocok. Mereka tidak terpaksa oleh situasi dan juga tidak menjadi pengikut. Mereka punya peluang menginspirasi dan mengejar mimpi mereka. Kebebasan semacam ini akan sangat signifikan dalam meningkatkan tingkat kebahagiaan seseorang dan bertentangan dari memiliki hidup yang terbatas sebagai akibat pendidikan yang lebih rendah dan tidak adanya kesempatan untuk tumbuh dengan pikiran - pikiran yang lebih intelektual dan kompetitif. Setelah menyatakan hal-hal itu, Saya berpendapat bahwa jika orang lebih terdidik, mereka bisa merasa lebih puas dalam hidup dan punya kesempatan lebih melakukan hal seperti yang mereka rencanakan.

    barulah sesudah itu saya masuk ke paragraf penutupan atau paragraf simpulan

    To sum up, I would say that it is very essential to allow everyone and to help them obtaining a degree from the university. University's qualification and education can be the key that people need to help them develop as the better partner for developing society. In addition, it allows them to have better personal life as opposed to being uneducated.

    Sekian pelajaran hari ini, terima kasih.
     
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  10. lrk M V U

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    Pagi Indowebster. Sudah lebih 3 minggu lamanya saya nggak kontribusi di sini.
    Ini ada oleh oleh kemarin saya dapat kesempatan menggelar workshop IELTS 2 hari di salah satu perkantoran di Jakarta.

    Ini satu sampel esai yang saya buat pada kesempatan yang baik tersebut. Sudah lama juga nggak nulis esai versi saya sendiri, jadi kalau ada kekurangan disana-sini mohon dimaklumi. Silakan baca dan pelajari. Mudah-mudahan esai ini bisa dapat 6.5 ke atas lah di IELTS sebenarnya. :)

    Car ownership has increased so rapidly over the past thirty years that many cities in the world are now ‘one big traffic jam’.
    How true do you think this statement is?
    What measures can governments take to discourage people from using their cars?


    With recent improvement in the economy of most countries in the world, there are some tendencies that lead to higher number of people purchasing automobiles for their personal use. Luxurious vehicles are known to be some kind of status symbol in the developing countries due to the lack of awareness from the government to educate their citizen to put an emphasis in using public transportation. Some people believe that traffic in some capital cities, such as in Jakarta and Beijing, are no longer tolerable or at least anyone can admit that they are far from effective. However, there is still hope in forms of education and good city planning which will be discussed below.

    People in developed countries are capable to use their education and logic to think that the road space will not be able to keep up with the buying power of a growing economy. To follow this, they know that building an effective and efficient public transportation system is crucial in determining the flow of traffic in cities and inter-cities. If people are allowed to buy vehicles without limitation, they will surely buy more than two or even three vehicles per household. Ultimately this will lead to traffic problems and there is no doubt that the main contributor of the traffic is the citizen itself (along with improper government ruling). I maintain that if the government is more capable in implementing some strategies to restrict the number of cars to be purchased, there will be less traffic in the city.

    To be fair about the whole matter, one must consider the reason behind people’s ambition to own cars in their household. As strange as it may seem, when someone owns a car, it can be a decisive and influential factor in determining how other people see that person. It raises your status and what even more is that you will be more respected in many ways. This kind of motive is quite strong in the society of developing countries where success is primarily measured by the worldly belongings that one owns such as the size of house and the brand of cars. Understanding this, it is apparent that people’s perspective about the definition of success needs to be changed and the only way to change how and what people think is by education.

    The urgency to implement certain city regulations cannot be dismissed. The government, be it the governor or the major, should adapt some strategies that will work effectively to regulate the number of cars in particular time so that road traffic will not be too severe. Providing favorable public transportation is no doubt a must do and for this purpose, buses, underground services, and bike lanes can be some alternatives. It is important to note that although infrastructure is vital for the public and the public demands for it, sometimes it can also cause an inevitable conflict. For example, in some regions where there are no longer empty land to create road space, some people have to be evicted from where they live and this kind of action will usually face opposition from the victimized public. However, this need of public transportation system is vital and even more so in the future, so all government plans and efforts toward this should be supported and are therefore justified.

    To conclude, the solution to solve traffic problems (and to prevent people buying cars) lies in the willingness. These are the willingness of the public to adapt to public transportation, the willingness to let go the chance to improve their status by purchasing cars, and the willingness from the government to help create better city atmosphere.


    Semoga bermanfaat.
     
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  11. sky999 M V U

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    Hello IDWS societies, I hope be able to come to this SF oftenly. Anyway, my name is Rio. I have a question, that I never found the satisfied answers about. It is the auxiliary verb which corcern to modal verbs. Here we go:

    In the commonly interraction, we ussually used the Will, Shall, Can, May, etc., modals that significant to present times. But, acctually, if you realize it, many of us used this modal in the contrary way. In the present time, we can use the past form of it as well. I mean, we can using Would, Should, Could and Might, at the present times. So the question is, how it could be done anyway? How we can figure it out, when we have to using the present forms (Will, Shall, Can, etc.), and when we able to using past forms (Would, Should, Could, etc.) of it? Thanks for the attention.

    :maaf:
     
  12. sky999 M V U

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    Hello people, where are you??? :toa:
     
  13. darkash Veteran

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    as far as I know would, should, could is more polite if used when offering or asking for help
    for example:
    Can you help me later? and could you help me later?
    the latter is more polite
    as for may and might, might have better possibility than may CMIIW

    reading this may help: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil...ar/verbs/modal-verbs/can-could-and-could-have
     
  14. sky999 M V U

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    Thank you for your answer before, I appreciate it so. But I have another way to look over it. Prefer to my main question again, this is about the indicator of "when we using it" due to the time conditions. So for your answer, its about "how we using it" instead. I mean, from what I known as far, could, would, might, etc., is the past form of modal words (doesn't it?). Whereas can, will, might, etc., in the present form. So in this case, in the tenses or times matter, how did we used the past form of this words in the irregular times? What is the main rule about it in English grammar, anyway?

    Thank you again, for your effort to gave me the link to find out. But, I hope we can solving this topic in this forum only.


    Thank you before... :hmm:
     
  15. lrk M V U

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    Let me save everyone's precious time ... Purchase the book Practical English Usage by Michael Swan .. or find a copy somewhere ...

    You will find what you need there .. And the discussion is long and will involve wall of text .. so if you really want such an answer .. you need to get the book and read the whole explanation. If it is typed here, it will use so many words and sentences and I doubt there is someone who is willing to enlighten you in this matter ... not because there isn't someone who is good at English out there .. it's just the fact that this thread has been deserted for quite some time now .. I posted most of the recent posts in here ... and got no audience .. so forgive my pessimism ... and there is a good expression "don't reinvent the wheel" .. so consult the book for your own sake.

    The question you ask, it is not that simple - even if you (possibly) think that it is a simple thing ... I don't explain it to you, not because I don't want to explain it - trust me I have already typed more than 2000 words few days ago when you first ask ... but then I changed my mind .. it's not worth it ... And another thing is .. don't bother too much with rules .. rules are guideline .. but use the language as frequently as possible so you can forget all about the rules and still make good sentences ... Unless you are a teacher who needs to explain things to other people .. then if that's the case, you should seek help from other websites and do not only rely from this thread as is reflected in "we can solving this topic in this forum only."

    Regards,

    lrk

    NB = ... can solve ...
     
  16. sky999 M V U

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    I'm sorry then, if what I've asked that in this deserted thread was bothersome. Anyhow, this question isn't so important for some people maybe, but I've trying to find it since all along time ago. And I never found the answer as well. And, I'm not so long enough for joining in this forum. So, threre's a lot of thing that I don't know about it as well.

    I'm not the person who put so much thought on rules or guideline. And I asked that question just for my own interested. But, when the question come to myself, like someone ask me somehow, I'm not be able to answer it. So I ask it to people, just like what I do in this forum. Afterwards, after I asked that topic in other forums, I can't found any answer as well. A lot of the answer is only talk about "how to use it" not "when to use it" instead. So far, according to my temporary conclusion, that form answer just because "rules & guideline not so important" premises. I hope not so.

    Anyhow, I appreciate of your response. If I could, I'll continue trying to find it out for sure. Thank you so much, sir.

    :maaf:
     
  17. lrk M V U

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    Let's see here.... I'll do you a favor this one time, I hope the following wall of text may boost your motivation to really get the book and have the answer of your long due question. These are all taken from the book I've mentioned in the previous post. It has this level of detail in explanation. And this is just half of the explanation for could ... can you imagine that? The explanation for the other three items you've asked, "would, should and might" will be quite similar in terms of length with this one ...

    If I am being lazy or just simply couldn't be bothered to details, I may answer something like this ..
    Well, you use it when you want to be polite. Or, use it when you want to give advice. Or, use it when you want to be less definite about something ...

    But I know people your type, you don't seek these. You are bothered enough to care for the details, for whatever reason you may have.

    And I also don't know how long you have studied English. But I also care about details of rules when it comes to grammar.

    So let me tell you this, if you are just beginning to get your way around English and don't intend to be a teacher someday, then by all means, let go the love for details and focus more on using the language.

    But if you have been dealing with this "world" for quite some time and you actually enjoy it, not feeling forced into it, then you owe yourself a favor to get this book in your hand, because it may probably be the most enjoyable book you'll ever read. Michael Swan is that great! He turned the horror of grammar into something lovable and enjoyable.

    So read the following Wall of Text. And I wish you all the best. :unyil:

    Last note from me, you may also want to frequent this place if you haven't already done so: http://english.stackexchange.com/questions
     
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  18. sky999 M V U

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    The answer is more than enough though. Bless on you. But, anyway, I think I can get more explaining if I have the book. Do you have the soft ver. of the book that you mentioned? I you have, could you share me the link to download anyway, thanks before :maaf:
     
  19. lrk M V U

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  20. neohyo M V U

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    gan ane mau belajar bahasa inggris ini mulai dari mana ya?
    ane dah biasa main game dan juga sedikit mengerti beberapa arti dalam bahasa inggris
    nah kalau mau lebih ngerti bahasa inggris ane bisa belajar mulai dari mana ya?
     
  21. darkash Veteran

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    If you want to learn english, it's better to practice it. Writing a short essay is one form of it. Learning from game is good, but from most of the games I've played, they use a lots of slang and make a lot of grammatical mistakes especially if the game is translated from another language, e.g.: japanese or chinese game.

    Sent from Waifu Den
     

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